IUI is often the first treatment step after fertility testing — simpler, gentler, and far less expensive than IVF. Knowing what it does, and what it doesn't do, helps you decide whether to try it.
The idea in one line
Sperm is washed and concentrated in the lab, then placed directly into the uterus at ovulation. This shortens the distance sperm must travel to reach the egg, and the healthiest sperm start as close as possible. Fertilization itself still happens naturally, inside the body.
Who IUI genuinely helps
IUI makes sense when the basics are in place — at least one open tube and a reasonable sperm count — but something makes it harder for sperm and egg to meet naturally:
- Mild male-factor issues (slightly low count or movement)
- Problems at the cervix (the opening of the uterus) that stop sperm getting through
- Ovulation problems being treated with medication, where timing is everything
- Unexplained infertility, as a reasonable first treatment
- Situations using donor sperm
Who it doesn't help
With blocked tubes, severe male-factor infertility, or significantly diminished ovarian reserve, IUI's odds drop toward zero, because IUI doesn't fix those problems. In those cases, going straight to IVF is not aggressive; it's the right choice. Age matters too: the older you are, the fewer IUI cycles are worth trying before moving to IVF.
Realistic expectations
IUI's success per cycle is modest, and clearly lower than IVF. That's why it's usually offered as a short series of attempts (commonly up to three), not an open-ended plan. It is a worthwhile first step for the right diagnosis. Agree in advance with your doctor when you will move to the next treatment, so the plan doesn't drag on.
Frequently asked
Is IUI painful?
It feels like a routine pelvic exam — a few minutes, no anaesthesia, back to normal activity immediately.
Do I need injections for IUI?
Not always. IUI can run on a natural cycle, with tablets, or with low-dose injections — depending on whether ovulation needs help in your case.
How many IUI attempts before moving on?
Commonly up to three well-timed cycles; continuing beyond that is discussed case by case, since most IUI successes happen within the first few attempts.